Originally Posted by
toeofawesome
I have no idea specifically what kind of motor it is. ........
Until you determine this, and then learn how control that type of motor, the project is not going anywhere.
How fast does the motor spin? Is the speed frequency dependent? Many AC motors are rated for just under 3600 rpm (like 3450) at 60 Hz and just under 3000 rpm at 50 Hz. The just under is because they slip to produce torque, the output speed is dependent on the torque taken from the motor, it will try to get to its sync speed (for example 3600 rpm at 60 Hz, but it produces no torque at that speed).
To go ~10 mph, you need to spin the wheel at about 120 rpm; 30:1 gearing is non-trivial. It would be less expensive to purchase a hub motor wheel kit than a 30:1 reduction system that will survive the torque required for meaningful assist on a bike.