My impression of OP's Carlton frame is early 1960's. Is there an oil port on the left side of the bottom bracket? Does the fork have a serial number that matches the frame serial number? Is there any reason to suspect the frame has been repainted?
Take a look here:
http://www.veterancycleclublibrary.org.uk/library/index.php?action=asearch&searchtext=C&tpage=9&items=16
You'll find a pretty complete collection of Carlton catalogs.
I'm pretty sure you have a "road /path" frame, basically track bike fittings in road bike geometry.
This being the C&V forum it is obligatory that I mention how great your bike would look with classic Campagno Record Pista hubs and crank, Brooks saddle, yada yada yada. And it's true, that would look great.
But realistically, as long as you stick to silver colored aluminum components, you won't go wrong.
Just yesterday I rode a similar frame (JRJ track frame from 1964) built up with mostly "period correct" components over a hilly 200 km route and it was pretty great.
Please keep us posted with your build, and if we criticise the choice of "modern"parts forgive is, we are C&V after all.
