Originally Posted by
DougRNS
dry ice.
Depends. Mostly, if we ship on dry ice we store at -80. Some things that we keep at -20 can't be shipped on dry ice. Generally enzymes and such, where the structure won't survive freezing solid, so they're in glycerol solutions that don't freeze solid at -20. They're usually shipped overnight with ice packs. Not sure exactly how labile Moderna's vaccine is, like for example just how stable is it kept below freezing but >-20.