I'm guessing the tube was caught under the tire bead which started the bulge and you kept riding it which caused the tire/tube to hit the frame causing damage to the tire and blowing the tube. Just a guess though. Check your rim for any sharp edges or gouges or other damage, mount new tire and make sure the tube is not pinched under the bead and be done with it. It could possibly be a defective tire too so you should contact Schwalbe with a photo of the unmounted tire and see what they say. Who knows, you may get the tire replaced under a warranty. New photo looks much better.
