The conditions out here have been so bad that I have stopped riding my road bike and switched to short rides on my MTB and SS.
Getting the heart rate up requires deeper breathing and that bothers the lungs. As I have said before it has made me consider giving up the Road bike and getting a E-bike.
I used to get in 8000 miles a year I will be lucky to get in 2200 this year. My climbing averages are down even more.
I have had to change the car air filter early this year. I also replaced the inside car cabin air filter. This in a car that doesn’t get 5000 miles a year.