The problem with carbon fiber for spokes in a conventional wheel is that it's too rigid.
A current effort at fiber spokes is Berd, using Dyneema cord, that's been bury spliced at the hub end, and spliced onto a short length of spoke at the wheel end, and treated for abrasion resistance. There was a neato thread (haha) on MTBR about trying to recreate them hobby style, but Berd sent the ringleader a "please stop" message.
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Genesis 49:16-17