I run a 1" carbon fork with carbon steerer, threadless of course.
Have not checked what is available these days in 1". Definitely not main stream.
The problem could be with rake. You want to be close to the original or handling geometry changes.
That could be …. good or bad or just different, based on your expectations.
Carbon fork will be stiffer
and you need a new stem (assuming steel threaded steerers aren't available)
possibly one that rises to accommodate any back issues.
And handlebar clamping needs to be considered, that has changed if going threadless.
__________________
Vintage, modern, e-road. It is a big cycling universe.