This page suggests you should be able to get to a 28-tooth large cog, and the 26-tooth chain wrap should accommodate the 52-42 rings with 14-28 freewheel:
VeloBase.com - Component: Shimano RD-1050, 105
I've had good luck with Sunrace, and they make a 6sp 14-28:
https://www.amazon.com/SunRace-Speed.../dp/B07C1533KF
As noted above, you'll need a longer chain.