I have a thread for everything:
https://www.bikeforums.net/training-...e-athlete.html
Be that as it may, there are few parallels. Strength training is about increasing force development and the rate thereof. During that process muscle cross section area (CSA) usually but not necessarily increases. Strength training is anaerobic. Cycling training is aerobic. Big difference. One should not confuse strength in the gym with strength on the bike. When the announcer says of the TdF that the strongest cyclist will win, they don't mean the guy who squats the most.
Power has little to do with weight. Time is reps, but because of the above, the goals are different and again no parallels. Intervals does equal sets, in fact intervals are specified as sets and both do the same thing, increase the ability to repeat.