Go Back  Bike Forums > Bike Forums > Commuting
Reload this Page >

Seasoned road warriors -- help me navigate this intersection on my commute home

Search
Notices
Commuting Bicycle commuting is easier than you think, before you know it, you'll be hooked. Learn the tips, hints, equipment, safety requirements for safely riding your bike to work.

Seasoned road warriors -- help me navigate this intersection on my commute home

Thread Tools
 
Search this Thread
 
Old 01-07-15, 08:07 AM
  #1  
GAPavedTrailRdr
Member
Thread Starter
 
GAPavedTrailRdr's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2014
Location: Atlanta, GA
Posts: 47

Bikes: 2005 Specialized Dolce Elite, 2013 Diamondback Insight

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time in 1 Post
Seasoned road warriors -- help me navigate this intersection on my commute home

Hi there, I am nearly ready to start commuting back and forth to work and took a trial run a couple weekends ago. This intersection gave me trouble and I'd like your feedback on how to navigate it. Drivers aren't watching the crosswalks and it's clear I need to ride on the road to navigate this intersection.

On the way home, I'll be commuting from the bike lane at the Southwest corner and need to cross to the bike path at the northwest corner. Traffic is heavy, but can be flowing at roughly 40mph, so I'm not comfortable trying to cross lanes as I approach to get to the left turn lane. I'm thinking the best approach is to wait on the right side for the red light, then cross over to the left turn lane, and wait there for the left turn light and move through with the left turn traffic. I'm thinking if I wait on the outside right of the first car, but before the second car, I should be able to fit into the flow easily.

Thoughts?

Attached Images
File Type: jpg
Intersection.jpg (70.2 KB, 148 views)
GAPavedTrailRdr is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 08:17 AM
  #2  
spivonious
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Aug 2012
Location: Lancaster, PA, USA
Posts: 1,851

Bikes: 2012 Trek Allant, 2016 Bianchi Volpe Disc

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Your plan sounds good if it's not feasible to change lines prior to the intersection. I'm not sure how drivers treat bicyclists in Atlanta, but up here I wouldn't have a problem if I signaled, made eye contact and changed lanes to get over to the left turn lane. 40mph roads are pretty standard. I'd start moving over about 1/4 mile away.

Another (much slower) option could be dismounting and walking the bike in the two crosswalks.
spivonious is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 08:22 AM
  #3  
rumrunn6
Senior Member
 
rumrunn6's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2008
Location: 25 miles northwest of Boston
Posts: 29,549

Bikes: Bottecchia Sprint, GT Timberline 29r, Marin Muirwoods 29er, Trek FX Alpha 7.0

Mentioned: 112 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 5224 Post(s)
Liked 3,581 Times in 2,342 Posts
Originally Posted by spivonious
dismounting and walking the bike in the two crosswalks.
might be worth a try. that is, if they stop for pedestrians
rumrunn6 is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 08:24 AM
  #4  
Wanderer
aka Phil Jungels
 
Wanderer's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: North Aurora, IL
Posts: 8,234

Bikes: 08 Specialized Crosstrail Sport, 05 Sirrus Comp

Mentioned: 5 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 202 Post(s)
Liked 86 Times in 60 Posts
If it bothers you, I would just use the crosswalks, from the bike lane to the path........ no shame in that!
Wanderer is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 08:35 AM
  #5  
mgw4jc
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Mar 2014
Location: Mooresville, NC (Charlotte suburb)
Posts: 2,306

Bikes: Cannondale Synapse, Trek 5000 TCT, Giant OCR

Mentioned: 43 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 255 Post(s)
Liked 22 Times in 18 Posts
Generally I would aim for getting into the left turn lane as soon as it begins if possible. That would get me out of the right two through lanes and into a slower lane - (presumably slower because cars will have to either stop or yield to oncoming traffic before turning). Then as you say, get to the right of that lane. I'd probably either be in front or on the right rear bumper of the first car.

And since you are aiming for that path instead of making the full left, cars can easily pass on your left. Once you're going you need to be watching for the oncoming guy in that right turn who won't expect a cyclist to be heading for that path.

Doing this obviously takes some getting used to. Merging across two lanes requires signaling, braking, and looking behind, all at the same time. Same things you have to do in a car, really.
mgw4jc is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 08:52 AM
  #6  
ray.garza
Senior Member
 
ray.garza's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2013
Location: Mission, Texas
Posts: 133

Bikes: 2012 Specialized Sirrus Limited and 2013 Specialized Roubaix

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
You got some great advice and options to explore. Just be sure to let the drivers know what it is you are doing and be predictable.

My order of preference is:
1. Use the turning lane as you first outlined
2. Use the crosswalk if the wait for an opening to is too long

Some days you can do option 1 with no issues and others my may have to use option 2. Be flexible and predictable.

I personally would wait in the bike lane until traffic clears up, usually in a minute or two as traffic flows in spurts (from what I've noticed). When clear, swing over to the left turning lane and proceed as usual.
ray.garza is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 08:58 AM
  #7  
bigredkevbot
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Apr 2014
Location: Northeast, USA
Posts: 173

Bikes: 2015 All-City Spacehorse, 2014 Specialized Allez Race, Mid 80s Takara Acknowledge Fixed Gear

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
If you are not comfortable with the transition into the left lane, then your best bet would probably be the crosswalks. However, if you'd like to wait for a red light and position yourself with the left lane traffic, don't get behind the first car, be on their passenger side front light. So the driver can clearly see you. It sounds like bike-awareness is a concern, so I would put myself right out front. That way, you can also control how much space is between you and the 1st and 2nd car when you start to turn and want to turn agian onto the bike path.
bigredkevbot is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 09:07 AM
  #8  
mgw4jc
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Mar 2014
Location: Mooresville, NC (Charlotte suburb)
Posts: 2,306

Bikes: Cannondale Synapse, Trek 5000 TCT, Giant OCR

Mentioned: 43 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 255 Post(s)
Liked 22 Times in 18 Posts
Originally Posted by bigredkevbot
However, if you'd like to wait for a red light and position yourself with the left lane traffic, don't get behind the first car, be on their passenger side front light. So the driver can clearly see you.
I agree being in front is probably the safest place, but it has always been a game time decision for me based on the position of that front car (assuming he is there before me). If there isn't enough space to his side or in front of him, I'll get on his right rear fender. If you're behind the car, the driver doesn't need to see you, in my opinion.

In this situation, since there is a crosswalk, there is probably always enough space in front. But if I wouldn't necessarily filter around him if it meant having to get into the lane of cars going straight.
mgw4jc is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 09:39 AM
  #9  
achoo
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Dec 2009
Posts: 4,700
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 2 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 5 Times in 4 Posts
How does the left turn light operate? Does the entire northbound flow get green all at once - left turn and straight?

Without being familiar with the intersection, I'd be at least a little leery of stopping in the crosswalk between lanes of traffic - if someone doesn't see you, or someone makes a late decision to turn left, you could be in trouble.

Is there any point where the northbound crosswalk gets a "Walk" signal while the left turn lane is red?
achoo is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 09:41 AM
  #10  
Jim from Boston
Senior Member
 
Jim from Boston's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2008
Posts: 7,384
Mentioned: 49 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 800 Post(s)
Liked 218 Times in 171 Posts
Originally Posted by GAPavedTrailRdr
Hi there, I am nearly ready to start commuting back and forth to work and took a trial run a couple weekends ago. This intersection gave me trouble and I'd like your feedback on how to navigate it. Drivers aren't watching the crosswalks and it's clear I need to ride on the road to navigate this intersection.

...Thoughts?

I didn’t specifically analyze your situation, but my strategy after years of riding the crazy streets and intersections of Metro Boston is to wear two rear view mirrors. Among the several advantages include these situations:

Originally Posted by Jim from Boston
I use both left and right rearview mirrors, in my case Take-a-Look eyeglass mounted ones. I got the idea from a cycling companion who used only a right hand mirror. The additional right hand mirror affords a pretty good rearward view, but is particularly useful:
  1. Riding on the left-hand side of a one-way street
  2. Riding in the middle or left lanes of a two-way thoroughfare
  3. In a rotary
  4. On a curved road to the right
  5. When passing entrance/exit ramps from a freeway, with the right hand mirror, I can view the ramps to my right, and stay wide of them, while watching upcoming traffic on my left, all while almost continuously looking straight ahead…
Another useful tip is to look at the front wheels of cars to anticipate their movements, not to look at the car body or hood. Finally consider my Golden Rule of Cycling. and Corollary:

Originally Posted by Jim from Boston
I have a golden rule of cycling, “Do unto the peds, as you would have the cagers do unto you.”...

The ability of a cyclist to do damage is intermediate between that of a ped and a cager, but a cyclists’s own safety demands that he/she be the most attentive of the three, and assume the others are jerks.
Jim from Boston is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 10:41 AM
  #11  
wphamilton
Senior Member
 
wphamilton's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2011
Location: Alpharetta, GA
Posts: 15,280

Bikes: Nashbar Road

Mentioned: 71 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 2934 Post(s)
Liked 341 Times in 228 Posts
I don't know about the drivers in Atlanta proper, but in Roswell/Alpharetta crosswalks scare me. Drivers don't stop or slow down, they don't even look.

Personally I think I'd try to make that turn with regular traffic, queuing up with the cars and swing wide at the end, but if I couldn't get over easily ahead of time maybe filter all the way up past the stop line. Some of them might not like it but to the path at the far end there's room for them to get around you on the left if they just can't help themselves.
wphamilton is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 10:57 AM
  #12  
megalowmatt
Senior Member
 
megalowmatt's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2009
Location: North County San Diego
Posts: 1,664
Mentioned: 1 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
I have a similar intersection but without the part where you need to navigate to the path. It's the navigating to the path part that's real dangerous because people are going to wing themselves out there and stop just short enough to avoid incoming cars before they make the right. Be careful because they're going to be looking for cars and you may blend in really well. The safest is taking the crosswalk but if you do the turn lane stay alert and assume drivers won't see you.

Jim has good advice about the front tires.
megalowmatt is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 11:43 AM
  #13  
treadtread
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Jun 2012
Location: SF Bay Area
Posts: 1,261

Bikes: 2012 Specialized Sirrus

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 8 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time in 1 Post
I can see how merging into the left turn lane would be difficult, but I don't understand the worries expressed about walking the cross walk. Isn't there a traffic light at that intersection to help you walk across safely?
treadtread is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 11:50 AM
  #14  
Booger1
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Sep 2007
Location: Gaseous Cloud around Uranus
Posts: 3,741
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 38 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 11 Times in 7 Posts
If there are lights,use the crosswalks or use the lights to filter through to the left turn lane,not my favorite thing to do but sometime you have to do things you don't really want too for your own safety........No lights,wait for an opening and go,either get in the left turn lane or use the crosswalks.

Last edited by Booger1; 01-07-15 at 12:01 PM.
Booger1 is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 11:56 AM
  #15  
GAPavedTrailRdr
Member
Thread Starter
 
GAPavedTrailRdr's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2014
Location: Atlanta, GA
Posts: 47

Bikes: 2005 Specialized Dolce Elite, 2013 Diamondback Insight

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time in 1 Post
Shouldn't be this hard, should it?

Originally Posted by wphamilton
I don't know about the drivers in Atlanta proper, but in Roswell/Alpharetta crosswalks scare me. Drivers don't stop or slow down, they don't even look.
wphamilton - exactly! That's a Johns Creek intersection. On my test run, I stood at the northwest corner waiting to cross and finally gave up because the southbound traffic turning west overlooked me for so long. I finally backtracked, joined the southbound traffic and crossed with traffic. It was an eye opener to realize I was safer there.

Originally Posted by Jim from Boston
Another useful tip is to look at the front wheels of cars to anticipate their movements, not to look at the car body or hood. Finally consider my Golden Rule of Cycling. and Corollary:
Excellent tip Jim.

Originally Posted by bigredkevbot
However, if you'd like to wait for a red light and position yourself with the left lane traffic, don't get behind the first car, be on their passenger side front light. So the driver can clearly see you. It sounds like bike-awareness is a concern, so I would put myself right out front. That way, you can also control how much space is between you and the 1st and 2nd car when you start to turn and want to turn again onto the bike path.
Yeah, I thought the idea of going behind the first car meant that the southbound-turning-west driver couldn't overlook me, but I suppose there is a chance the first car could try to join the straight lanes and not see me... Better to get out front and make eye contact with them.

Sounds like I've got a plan! Hoping for good weather...

GaPavedTrailRider
GAPavedTrailRdr is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 01:01 PM
  #16  
wphamilton
Senior Member
 
wphamilton's Avatar
 
Join Date: Apr 2011
Location: Alpharetta, GA
Posts: 15,280

Bikes: Nashbar Road

Mentioned: 71 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 2934 Post(s)
Liked 341 Times in 228 Posts
Originally Posted by GAPavedTrailRdr
wphamilton - exactly! That's a Johns Creek intersection. On my test run, I stood at the northwest corner waiting to cross and finally gave up because the southbound traffic turning west overlooked me for so long. I finally backtracked, joined the southbound traffic and crossed with traffic. It was an eye opener to realize I was safer there.
...
GaPavedTrailRider
I know that intersection now, I've been there a couple of times on a bike. But from that street on the left. I don't really trust the driving on either of those roads - I've got a feeling that they treat that south-bound right turn as a "don't stop" lane even when the light is red.
wphamilton is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 01:50 PM
  #17  
BobbyG
Senior Member
 
BobbyG's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jan 2009
Location: Colorado Springs, CO
Posts: 5,973

Bikes: 2015 Charge Plug, 2007 Dahon Boardwalk, 1997 Nishiki Blazer, 1984 Nishiki International, 2006 Felt F65, 1989 Dahon Getaway V

Mentioned: 54 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1364 Post(s)
Liked 1,677 Times in 827 Posts
I have a few intersections where I find it easier and safer to use the crosswalks. Discretion is the better part of valor.
BobbyG is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 02:22 PM
  #18  
hueyhoolihan
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Dec 2010
Location: Above ground, Walnut Creek, Ca
Posts: 6,681

Bikes: 8 ss bikes, 1 5-speed touring bike

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 86 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 4 Times in 4 Posts
like others, i am faced with the same type of intersection on a regular basis. heavy traffic, but 4-way. i either use the cross walk with the pedestrians (rarely), or i get in the left turn only lane (and i take my proper position in the whole lane, no filtering), and watch carefully for oncoming traffic that may attempt a right turn on red into me. it's somewhat dangerous, but i have other intersections that are much worse.

if the left turn only lane were backed up more than five or six vehicles, i might punt, and use the crosswalks.

Last edited by hueyhoolihan; 01-07-15 at 02:28 PM.
hueyhoolihan is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 05:44 PM
  #19  
gsa103
Senior Member
 
Join Date: May 2013
Location: SF Bay Area
Posts: 4,400

Bikes: Bianchi Infinito (Celeste, of course)

Mentioned: 19 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 754 Post(s)
Liked 104 Times in 77 Posts
Originally Posted by GAPavedTrailRdr
Hi there, I am nearly ready to start commuting back and forth to work and took a trial run a couple weekends ago. This intersection gave me trouble and I'd like your feedback on how to navigate it. Drivers aren't watching the crosswalks and it's clear I need to ride on the road to navigate this intersection.

On the way home, I'll be commuting from the bike lane at the Southwest corner and need to cross to the bike path at the northwest corner. Traffic is heavy, but can be flowing at roughly 40mph, so I'm not comfortable trying to cross lanes as I approach to get to the left turn lane. I'm thinking the best approach is to wait on the right side for the red light, then cross over to the left turn lane, and wait there for the left turn light and move through with the left turn traffic. I'm thinking if I wait on the outside right of the first car, but before the second car, I should be able to fit into the flow easily.

Thoughts?


Wow! I have an identical copy of that intersection on my commute home. Fortunately, its usually light traffic.

The left turn part is actually the safest portion. The tricky part is most drivers expect you to continue left instead of going into the path, so they will try to turn behind you and then discover that you aren't going left. When I'm turning make sure to physically point to the bike path you want to take, and hope that's good enough. Other than that, its the two cross-walk option, which sucks. I'm currently working on a slightly longer route which would allow me to avoid that intersection.
gsa103 is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 05:50 PM
  #20  
fietsbob
Banned
 
Join Date: Jun 2010
Location: NW,Oregon Coast
Posts: 43,598

Bikes: 8

Mentioned: 197 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 7607 Post(s)
Liked 1,355 Times in 862 Posts
Safety sake .. Stick to the right side, use the 2 Zebra stripe cross walks, with the Lights . there should be traffic control Lights.

Last edited by fietsbob; 01-07-15 at 05:54 PM.
fietsbob is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 07:05 PM
  #21  
achoo
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Dec 2009
Posts: 4,700
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 2 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 5 Times in 4 Posts
Originally Posted by fietsbob
Safety sake .. Stick to the right side, use the 2 Zebra stripe cross walks, with the Lights . there should be traffic control Lights.
Except I bet southbound cars turning right (from the top of the image, then going to the left) don't stop all that much even when the light is red.
achoo is offline  
Old 01-07-15, 11:33 PM
  #22  
gregf83 
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Vancouver, BC
Posts: 9,201
Mentioned: 11 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1186 Post(s)
Liked 289 Times in 177 Posts
I have a somewhat similar intersection except there are two left turn lanes, two lanes going straight and two right turn lanes so I have to cross four lanes to get to one of the left turn lanes. I have about 500m or so before the light so I generally wait for a gap in traffic and then move over. If for some reason I can't get across I'll wait until they are forced to stop at the light and then I weave through the cars. We have a left turn arrow so it's safe to turn once the signal is green.
gregf83 is offline  
Old 01-08-15, 07:05 AM
  #23  
Jim from Boston
Senior Member
 
Jim from Boston's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2008
Posts: 7,384
Mentioned: 49 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 800 Post(s)
Liked 218 Times in 171 Posts
Seasoned road warriors -- help me navigate this intersection on my commute home

Originally Posted by Jim from Boston
…Another useful tip is to look at the front wheels of cars to anticipate their movements, not to look at the car body or hood…

Originally Posted by megalowmatt
…Be careful because they're going to be looking for cars and you may blend in really well. The safest is taking the crosswalk but if you do the turn lane stay alert and assume drivers won't see you.

Originally Posted by GAPavedTrailRdr
… Excellent tip Jim.
Jim has good advice about the front tires.
I got this tip from a subscriber I consider one of the Elder Statesmen of Bikeforums. Buzzman of New York City and Newton, MA. Advice like this is a major reason I assiduously read the Forums. I posted to this thread on the Living Car Free thread” What you got from BF transportation forums?

Originally Posted by Jim from Boston
I have been an avid cyclist, as a lifestyle since about 1972; self-described year-round commuter, occasional centurian (in-training during the nice weather), and former cycle tourist, including a cross-country ride. ”Road Warrior” is my self-applied nickname. I happened serendipitously on Bike Forums in 2008, and it was frankly incredible to find a community that shared so many concerns I had kept to myself as a lone cyclist.

This enthusiasm has definitely increased my enjoyment of cycling. As far as improving it, what I have gotten directly from BF are:
  • the motivation and tips to ride in rain, and wintry roads, i.e. studded tires…
  • the safety tip to watch the front wheels of a car rather than the body or hood to anticipate what the driver is going to do…
Jim from Boston is offline  
Old 01-08-15, 07:26 AM
  #24  
Stun
Senior Member
 
Stun's Avatar
 
Join Date: Feb 2013
Location: The Frozen Mitten
Posts: 109

Bikes: Spec 2013 Carve Comp, Spec 2011 Allez Sport, 1991 Trek Antelope drop-bar conversion, 1 X 7 commuter frankenbike

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 41 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
My experience is that people drive differently in every city and treat cyclists very differently. The best advice often comes from cyclists that live the closest to you (maybe JPHamilton in this case). The exception here would also be Jim from Boston--anyone that can successfully commute around Boston has my full respect and probably knows how to deal with about every intersection imaginable!
Stun is offline  
Old 01-08-15, 07:33 AM
  #25  
TrekNerd
Senior Member
 
TrekNerd's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2014
Location: Okinawa, Japan
Posts: 73

Bikes: Trek Domane 2.0, Trek 3700

Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times in 0 Posts
Situational awareness is key for crossing that intersection. As mentioned above your options may change from time to time depending on traffic. Be able to adapt and utilize patience. Ride safely.
TrekNerd is offline  
Related Topics
Thread
Thread Starter
Forum
Replies
Last Post
RcktMan77
Commuting
34
01-17-16 11:28 PM
Deontologist
Commuting
27
02-23-15 02:17 PM
PatrickGSR94
Advocacy & Safety
3
04-24-12 10:25 AM
Mithrandir
Vehicular Cycling (VC)
9
09-04-11 08:18 AM
mnemia
Advocacy & Safety
36
11-10-10 08:39 AM

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off



Contact Us - Archive - Advertising - Cookie Policy - Privacy Statement - Terms of Service -

Copyright © 2024 MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands. All rights reserved. Use of this site indicates your consent to the Terms of Use.