View Poll Results: ...
a
1
100.00%
b
1
100.00%
Multiple Choice Poll. Voters: 1. You may not vote on this poll
eBay / CraigsList finds - "Are you looking for one of these!?" Part II
Senior Member
Junior Member
Join Date: Feb 2011
Posts: 79
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 13 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 9 Times
in
8 Posts
The Bianchi Max with stupid bolt cranks
A 55-1/2 frame just sold for $620 on eBay which looks more expensive than CL. The one pictured on this thread has non-Roubaix ssc rims which go better with the Celeste than Mach II rims. Max tubing has been sort of re-issued, although I hope the fork blades look more springy.
Bianchi Goddess
Join Date: Apr 2009
Location: Shady Pines Retirement Fort Wayne, In
Posts: 27,858
Bikes: Too many to list here check my signature.
Mentioned: 192 Post(s)
Tagged: 2 Thread(s)
Quoted: 2930 Post(s)
Liked 2,923 Times
in
1,491 Posts
A 55-1/2 frame just sold for $620 on eBay which looks more expensive than CL. The one pictured on this thread has non-Roubaix ssc rims which go better with the Celeste than Mach II rims. Max tubing has been sort of re-issued, although I hope the fork blades look more springy.
A 55-1/2 frame just sold for $620 on eBay which looks more expensive than CL. The one pictured on this thread has non-Roubaix ssc rims which go better with the Celeste than Mach II rims. Max tubing has been sort of re-issued, although I hope the fork blades look more springy.
Is this Trek Elance 310 priced OK at $155? Anyone have any interest in it? It looks in good shape judging by the pic. https://harrisburg.craigslist.org/bik/3386204887.html
__________________
“One morning you wake up, the girl is gone, the bikes are gone, all that's left behind is a pair of old tires and a tube of tubular glue, all squeezed out"
Sugar "Kane" Kowalczyk
“One morning you wake up, the girl is gone, the bikes are gone, all that's left behind is a pair of old tires and a tube of tubular glue, all squeezed out"
Sugar "Kane" Kowalczyk
Last edited by Bianchigirll; 11-10-12 at 07:16 AM.
Junior Member
Join Date: Apr 2007
Posts: 8
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times
in
0 Posts
Not too far from me, does anyone have experience with the 310? Decent bike?
Is this Trek Elance 310 priced OK at $155? Anyone have any interest in it? It looks in good shape judging by the pic. https://harrisburg.craigslist.org/bik/3386204887.html
Is this Trek Elance 310 priced OK at $155? Anyone have any interest in it? It looks in good shape judging by the pic. https://harrisburg.craigslist.org/bik/3386204887.html
Junior Member
Join Date: Feb 2011
Posts: 79
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 13 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 9 Times
in
8 Posts
The Bianchi Max with stupid bolt cranks
This Celeste bike's owner has my exact attitude re C-Record, almost. The only worthwhile thing beside the hubs was the Croce D'Aune crank, since the nifty brakes were still heavier, (and the derailleurs were only cosmetically enhanced, although I still haven't checked firsthand. But like the C-Record crank in the pic, they cut the puller threads in Australia, necessitating a hella expensive Campagnolo puller if one isn't comfortable with built-in puller bolts. So it is actually the crank threads which are stupid. Maybe a 7mm allen bolt is big enough not to get rounded out putting on the crank (a relative pain,) and pulling it. He also rarely used the front wheel, probably something with fewer spokes instead. Certainly polish goes well with Celeste; bleu might be effete. SSC rims were as expensive as C-Record hubs, but this bike could be unchanged from 1992.
Senior Member
Join Date: Aug 2006
Location: Land of Cheese
Posts: 1,078
Mentioned: 8 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 111 Post(s)
Liked 213 Times
in
105 Posts
Senior Member
Join Date: Sep 2011
Location: Baltimore MD
Posts: 3,331
Bikes: '72 Motobecane Grand Record, '72 Gitane tandem, '72 Raleigh Super Course, '73 Raleigh Gran Sport, '73 Colnago Super, '76 Fiorelli Coppi, '78 Raleigh SBDU Team Pro, '78 Trek 930, '81 Holdsworth Special 650B, '86 Masi GC, ’94 Bridgestone RB-T
Mentioned: 67 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 786 Post(s)
Liked 517 Times
in
280 Posts
__________________
The man who dies with the most toys…is dead. - Rootboy
The man who dies with the most toys…is dead. - Rootboy
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2009
Location: SoCal
Posts: 834
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 6 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 10 Times
in
10 Posts
Unusual item for craigslist
https://richmond.craigslist.org/bik/3388697220.html
Avoid scams and fraud by dealing locally! Beware any deal involving Western Union, Moneygram, wire transfer, cashier check, money order, shipping, escrow, or any promise of transaction protection/certification/guarantee More info
- Collectable 70's french MAFAC Tool & Repair KIT - $15 (Richmond)
[HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-09, 9:13AM EST
Reply to:see below
[HR][/HR]
Tel. 244-0644
vintage 70's MAFAC bicycle repair/tool kit
https://richmond.craigslist.org/bik/3388697220.html
Avoid scams and fraud by dealing locally! Beware any deal involving Western Union, Moneygram, wire transfer, cashier check, money order, shipping, escrow, or any promise of transaction protection/certification/guarantee More info
- Collectable 70's french MAFAC Tool & Repair KIT - $15 (Richmond)
[HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-09, 9:13AM EST
Reply to:see below
[HR][/HR]
Tel. 244-0644
vintage 70's MAFAC bicycle repair/tool kit
- Location: Richmond
- it's NOT ok to contact this poster with services or other commercial interest
This was a slick find for a great price... I'm bummed that I'm too late as the author has deleted the posting. Thanks again for taking the time to post!
Seńor Member
Join Date: Jul 2009
Location: Boston Burbs
Posts: 1,637
Bikes: Bedford, IF, Hampsten, DeSalvo, Intense Carbine 27.5, Raleigh Sports, Bianchi C.u.S.S, Soma DC Disc, Bill Boston Tandem
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 3 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 3 Times
in
3 Posts
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2009
Location: SoCal
Posts: 834
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 6 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 10 Times
in
10 Posts
Looks like a 1992 Miyata Seven21 to me.
Mivata Bike - $50 (Kentwood Mi)
https://grandrapids.craigslist.org/bik/3392072631.html
Mivata Bike - $50 (Kentwood Mi)
https://grandrapids.craigslist.org/bik/3392072631.html
Jack of all trades
Hand built Davidson, looks like a great touring set up:
https://spokane.craigslist.org/bik/3404194478.html
[h=2]Hand Built Davidson w Campignolo - $700 (NW spokane)[/h] [HR][/HR] Date: 2012-11-12, 8:06AM PST
tjswd-3404194478@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP] [HR][/HR]
hand built in Seattle by Bill Davidson. 21" frame built in early 90's. Campignolo head set, crank set,front derailer,and brakes. Shimano 600 rear derailer and shifters. Wolber super champion rims. Comes with color matched air pump able to attach front and back racks 700.00 obo
Seller can't spell!
https://spokane.craigslist.org/bik/3404194478.html
[h=2]Hand Built Davidson w Campignolo - $700 (NW spokane)[/h] [HR][/HR] Date: 2012-11-12, 8:06AM PST
tjswd-3404194478@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP] [HR][/HR]
hand built in Seattle by Bill Davidson. 21" frame built in early 90's. Campignolo head set, crank set,front derailer,and brakes. Shimano 600 rear derailer and shifters. Wolber super champion rims. Comes with color matched air pump able to attach front and back racks 700.00 obo
Seller can't spell!
Fat Guy on a Little Bike
Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: Philadelphia, PA
Posts: 15,944
Bikes: Two wheeled ones
Mentioned: 42 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1254 Post(s)
Liked 345 Times
in
174 Posts
Senior Member
Join Date: Jul 2012
Location: Las Vegas, NV
Posts: 624
Bikes: 1949 'Italian' , 1950 San Giusto, 1897 Union, and a number of "projects"... 198? Grandis, a couple of Mixte's...
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time
in
1 Post
Campignolo ? ...oh my. Seller does not even deserve to look at that bike, let alone own it !
Joe
Joe
Last edited by JPZ66; 11-12-12 at 10:54 PM.
Get off my lawn!
Join Date: Nov 2010
Location: The Garden State
Posts: 6,031
Bikes: 1917 Loomis, 1923 Rudge, 1930 Hercules Renown, 1947 Mclean, 1948 JA Holland, 1955 Hetchins, 1957 Carlton Flyer, 1962 Raleigh Sport, 1978&81 Raleigh Gomp GS', 2010 Raliegh Clubman
Mentioned: 9 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 93 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 98 Times
in
48 Posts
[h=2]Classic Road Bike - $100 (Freehold, NJ)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-12, 2:03PM EST
Reply to this postReply to: vpv4m-3340973095@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
Raleigh Gran Sport:
- 49cm Japan made frame
- Suntour Stem Shifters/Raleigh Component Group
- Raleigh High Tensile Tubing
- 27 x 1 1/4 Araya Japanese rims
- 5 Speed
- Great Original Condition
See it @ Freehold Bicycles 739 Park Ave (Rte.33)
Questions or comments please call: (732) 431-0266
Reply to this postReply to: vpv4m-3340973095@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
Raleigh Gran Sport:
- 49cm Japan made frame
- Suntour Stem Shifters/Raleigh Component Group
- Raleigh High Tensile Tubing
- 27 x 1 1/4 Araya Japanese rims
- 5 Speed
- Great Original Condition
See it @ Freehold Bicycles 739 Park Ave (Rte.33)
Questions or comments please call: (732) 431-0266
Get off my lawn!
Join Date: Nov 2010
Location: The Garden State
Posts: 6,031
Bikes: 1917 Loomis, 1923 Rudge, 1930 Hercules Renown, 1947 Mclean, 1948 JA Holland, 1955 Hetchins, 1957 Carlton Flyer, 1962 Raleigh Sport, 1978&81 Raleigh Gomp GS', 2010 Raliegh Clubman
Mentioned: 9 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 93 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 98 Times
in
48 Posts
Way cool but way too pricey!
[h=2]60's Frejus road bike - 63cm - $1200 (Monroe)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-11, 4:12AM EST
Reply to this postReply to: x3wpc-3338625650@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
1200$ OBO cash
rides nice
full campy
columbus tubing
great condition
new white tires
jason
7327184971
also will consider trades or cash n trades
strong interest in high end klein or kestrel road bikes 59-63cm range
[h=2]60's Frejus road bike - 63cm - $1200 (Monroe)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-11, 4:12AM EST
Reply to this postReply to: x3wpc-3338625650@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
1200$ OBO cash
rides nice
full campy
columbus tubing
great condition
new white tires
jason
7327184971
also will consider trades or cash n trades
strong interest in high end klein or kestrel road bikes 59-63cm range
Senior Member
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Ohio
Posts: 740
Bikes: 1973 Mercian Pro, 1972-73 Peugeot Track, 1983 Lotus Competition, Early 1970s Bottecchia Pro/Giro, 2000 Bob Jackson Special Tourist, 2011 Rivendell A. Homer Hilsen; 1996 Franklin custom
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time
in
1 Post
[h=2]rare Japanese Time Trail bike - $480 (victorian villiage)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-13, 4:30PM EST
Reply to this post Reply to: zkhpb-3407578287@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
1989Centurion Turbo TT bike.
53cm
Tange infinity tubing.
This bike is all original and very rare.
As far as I know it was never even sold in the United States.
It also come with the super rare Suntour Ole white group.
They bike is very flashy and rides really well. Super fun.
PostingID:3407578287
Reply to this post Reply to: zkhpb-3407578287@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
1989Centurion Turbo TT bike.
53cm
Tange infinity tubing.
This bike is all original and very rare.
As far as I know it was never even sold in the United States.
It also come with the super rare Suntour Ole white group.
They bike is very flashy and rides really well. Super fun.
- Location: victorian villiage
- it's NOT ok to contact this poster with services or other commercial interests
PostingID:3407578287
Senior Member
Join Date: Jan 2012
Location: Ithaca, NY
Posts: 4,852
Bikes: Click on the #YOLO
Mentioned: 1 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 26 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 12 Times
in
12 Posts
Senior Member
Join Date: Sep 2011
Location: Baltimore MD
Posts: 3,331
Bikes: '72 Motobecane Grand Record, '72 Gitane tandem, '72 Raleigh Super Course, '73 Raleigh Gran Sport, '73 Colnago Super, '76 Fiorelli Coppi, '78 Raleigh SBDU Team Pro, '78 Trek 930, '81 Holdsworth Special 650B, '86 Masi GC, ’94 Bridgestone RB-T
Mentioned: 67 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 786 Post(s)
Liked 517 Times
in
280 Posts
Dude - You're in Boston. Go get it. I drove to Maine from Maryland to get a Gran Sport in my size. Time for a road trip.
__________________
The man who dies with the most toys…is dead. - Rootboy
The man who dies with the most toys…is dead. - Rootboy
Senior Member
Join Date: Jun 2011
Location: Brookline MA
Posts: 434
Bikes: 1983 Trek 600, 1973 Mercian
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 2 Times
in
2 Posts
Potentially interesting South American frame in MA
[h=2]https://boston.craigslist.org/bmw/bik/3409302631.html
Vintage road frame/fork Columbus, Cinelli, Conopus 56cm - $250 (granby,ma)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-14, 12:22PM EST
Reply to this post5g7xv-3409302631@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP][HR][/HR]
Late 80's Conopus road frame and fork plus bar stem bb brakes shifters derails. as is in pic. Conopus frame built in Bogata Columbia. Columbus tubing frame and fork. Cinelli bottom bracket shell.. Frame built in the Italian tradition. High quality. Research Canopus. 56cm paint is ok. call 413-467-2453 with questions mat
[h=2]https://boston.craigslist.org/bmw/bik/3409302631.html
Vintage road frame/fork Columbus, Cinelli, Conopus 56cm - $250 (granby,ma)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-14, 12:22PM EST
Reply to this post5g7xv-3409302631@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP][HR][/HR]
Late 80's Conopus road frame and fork plus bar stem bb brakes shifters derails. as is in pic. Conopus frame built in Bogata Columbia. Columbus tubing frame and fork. Cinelli bottom bracket shell.. Frame built in the Italian tradition. High quality. Research Canopus. 56cm paint is ok. call 413-467-2453 with questions mat
Senior Member
Join Date: Jun 2008
Location: eastern Massachusetts
Posts: 994
Bikes: Rans V-Rex
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 0 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 0 Times
in
0 Posts
Canopus (proper spelling, right?) frame and fork. I think from pics on another bike forums thread that this might be a 55cm.
[h=2]https://boston.craigslist.org/bmw/bik/3409302631.html
Vintage road frame/fork Columbus, Cinelli, Conopus 56cm - $250 (granby,ma)[/h] [HR][/HR] Date: 2012-11-14, 12:22PM EST
5g7xv-3409302631@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP] [HR][/HR]
[h=2]https://boston.craigslist.org/bmw/bik/3409302631.html
Vintage road frame/fork Columbus, Cinelli, Conopus 56cm - $250 (granby,ma)[/h] [HR][/HR] Date: 2012-11-14, 12:22PM EST
5g7xv-3409302631@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP] [HR][/HR]
Senior Member
Join Date: Apr 2006
Location: Sacramento, CA
Posts: 3,009
Bikes: '53/'54 Bianchi CDM, '62ish Altenburger Cinelli Mod B, '69 Rene Herse Competition, '72 Motobecane Grand Record, '73-74 Colnago Super,, '73-74 Cinelli SC, '78ish counterfeit Confente, '82 Medici Gran Turismo, '67ish Mondia Speciale, Eddy Merckx Pro
Mentioned: 15 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 90 Post(s)
Liked 257 Times
in
87 Posts
Way cool but way too pricey!
[h=2]60's Frejus road bike - 63cm - $1200 (Monroe)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-11, 4:12AM EST
Reply to this postReply to: x3wpc-3338625650@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
1200$ OBO cash
rides nice
full campy
columbus tubing
great condition
new white tires
jason
7327184971
also will consider trades or cash n trades
strong interest in high end klein or kestrel road bikes 59-63cm range
[h=2]60's Frejus road bike - 63cm - $1200 (Monroe)[/h][HR][/HR]Date: 2012-11-11, 4:12AM EST
Reply to this postReply to: x3wpc-3338625650@sale.craigslist.org[SUP][Errors when replying to ads?][/SUP]
[HR][/HR]
1200$ OBO cash
rides nice
full campy
columbus tubing
great condition
new white tires
jason
7327184971
also will consider trades or cash n trades
strong interest in high end klein or kestrel road bikes 59-63cm range
Senior Member
Join Date: Apr 2006
Location: Sacramento, CA
Posts: 3,009
Bikes: '53/'54 Bianchi CDM, '62ish Altenburger Cinelli Mod B, '69 Rene Herse Competition, '72 Motobecane Grand Record, '73-74 Colnago Super,, '73-74 Cinelli SC, '78ish counterfeit Confente, '82 Medici Gran Turismo, '67ish Mondia Speciale, Eddy Merckx Pro
Mentioned: 15 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 90 Post(s)
Liked 257 Times
in
87 Posts
Senior Member
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Ohio
Posts: 740
Bikes: 1973 Mercian Pro, 1972-73 Peugeot Track, 1983 Lotus Competition, Early 1970s Bottecchia Pro/Giro, 2000 Bob Jackson Special Tourist, 2011 Rivendell A. Homer Hilsen; 1996 Franklin custom
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time
in
1 Post
Steel Member
Join Date: Jul 2008
Location: Knoxville, TN
Posts: 1,427
Bikes: N + 1
Mentioned: 1 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 7 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time
in
1 Post
Anyone know anything about this bike/builder?
https://nashville.craigslist.org/bik/3387907134.html
1994 Bianucci Road Bike! Full Campagnolo Chorus group. Cinelli aero cast bottom bracket shell. Gipiemme dropouts. FiR rims. Colubus tubes. Bianucci worked with Ugo De Rosa in Italy. He made a dozen or so frames. De Rosa frames were legendary. His frames were made exactly like De Rosa frames. He later died in Italy from a heart attack. Size 58cm. This is a handmade bicycle. Not like Trek,Scott, etc... Their is only one of these bikes in the world. Call 615-XXX_XXXX $1000 is a steal.I AM OPEN TO ALL OFFERS! Pedals and computer not included.
https://nashville.craigslist.org/bik/3387907134.html
1994 Bianucci Road Bike! Full Campagnolo Chorus group. Cinelli aero cast bottom bracket shell. Gipiemme dropouts. FiR rims. Colubus tubes. Bianucci worked with Ugo De Rosa in Italy. He made a dozen or so frames. De Rosa frames were legendary. His frames were made exactly like De Rosa frames. He later died in Italy from a heart attack. Size 58cm. This is a handmade bicycle. Not like Trek,Scott, etc... Their is only one of these bikes in the world. Call 615-XXX_XXXX $1000 is a steal.I AM OPEN TO ALL OFFERS! Pedals and computer not included.
Senior Member
Join Date: Jul 2011
Location: Ohio
Posts: 740
Bikes: 1973 Mercian Pro, 1972-73 Peugeot Track, 1983 Lotus Competition, Early 1970s Bottecchia Pro/Giro, 2000 Bob Jackson Special Tourist, 2011 Rivendell A. Homer Hilsen; 1996 Franklin custom
Mentioned: 0 Post(s)
Tagged: 0 Thread(s)
Quoted: 1 Post(s)
Likes: 0
Liked 1 Time
in
1 Post
Here's a Franklin Frames custom that's been listed sporadicaly for about a year.
https://columbus.craigslist.org/bik/3334525238.html
Touring Bicycle - $700 (Powell OH)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 2012-10-12, 3:46PM EDT
Reply to this post Reply to: zgxcb-3334525238@sale.craigslist.org[Errors when replying to ads?]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Custom touring bicycle. Lugged steel frame from a custom builder in Newark OH, Mavic touring rims on Phil Wood hubs. Shimano bar end shifters on wide touring handlebars. This bike is sized for riders with 34 inch inseams or greater. Over $1500 originally invested. Less than 200 miles on the road. Bike is being sold due to back issues.
Local buyers only.
•Location: Powell OH
•it's NOT ok to contact this poster with services or other commercial interests
PostingID:3334525238
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
https://columbus.craigslist.org/bik/3334525238.html
Touring Bicycle - $700 (Powell OH)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date: 2012-10-12, 3:46PM EDT
Reply to this post Reply to: zgxcb-3334525238@sale.craigslist.org[Errors when replying to ads?]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Custom touring bicycle. Lugged steel frame from a custom builder in Newark OH, Mavic touring rims on Phil Wood hubs. Shimano bar end shifters on wide touring handlebars. This bike is sized for riders with 34 inch inseams or greater. Over $1500 originally invested. Less than 200 miles on the road. Bike is being sold due to back issues.
Local buyers only.
•Location: Powell OH
•it's NOT ok to contact this poster with services or other commercial interests
PostingID:3334525238
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------