There are two stand pedal designs. SPD style, to include many different brands, not just Shimano. They use a cleat on the middle of the shoe. Sometimes the shoe mounts have 4 holes to give you some adjustability in cleat placement. You’ll only use two of them.
The other style is Look type pedals. The cleat mounts to the three other holes you see in the lower picture. Or, in the case of Speedplay, an adapter to the three holes then a cleat to the adapter.
Sometimes you’ll see all of it like the bottom picture to give you total freedom in choosing your pedals.
SPD style tend to be double sided and less prone to mud and dirt clogging. Shoes for these are usually more walkable.
Look styles are sometimes totally smooth and not walkable. They’re very comfortable on long rides. Tend to be stiffer for power transfer. The larger body feels more secure. Aren’t good for anything but pedaling.
I have both, depending on the bike and how I use it.