One suggestion is for you to check your local library for a period appropriate bicycle maintenance manual. The chapters and illustrations will help you to get the nomenclature down and help you get to a better understanding of what you are up against. Get an old book from the seventies so that it’s issuance is contemporary with the age of the bike.
Home has many of the brochures by year so you can find your bike and see how it looked and was equipped when issued. Good luck! You are taking up a challenging but rewarding project. Take your time and don’t make it a frustrating chore.