Why bother on the chain? Chains are cheap. Get a new one and go ride.
The pedals don’t care if they are rusted or not. That’s just cosmetic. Ride them enough and the rust will wear off. Personally, I’d be just as concerned about the aluminum bits. Aluminum doesn’t endure salt any better than iron does. It oxidizes but the oxide isn’t red like rust. I can see white spots on the aluminum that are due to salt corrosion. Rinse your bike well to remove as much of that salt as you can.