I am always skeptical of studies done on non-athletes, but the following results on elite, trained athletes are mind blowing. They were young athletes.
W/Kg at the VT1 increased 13% vs a decline placebo arm.
VO2 max increased 4% in W/Kg and it seems FTP increased 6.7% in absolute power and 9% in W/kg (slight weight loss on HMB).
Heart rate up 9 beats vs placebo arm!!!
The study was done using the calcium salt version of HMB.
https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/arti...092-9/tables/2
https://jissn.biomedcentral.com/arti...970-015-0092-9