Full muscle recovery from that kind of effort could be a week, even longer if the intensity was high. I do a lot of 200k rides, of varying intensity. Usually I feel fine within a couple days, but I'm not 100% for longer. I'm 61, and I do at least 1 200k or longer every month.
That doesn't mean I can't ride for a week, it just means full recovery takes time.
The other thing to consider is dehydration; it's very likely you ended the 100 mile attempt dehydrated, and may have still been dehydrated when you tried running. That will zap you for sure.