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...for the issues you describe, I can't suggest much more than learning more about wheels and constructing them. A modern box section alloy rim with at least 36 spokes, laced to any sort of decent hub, with the spokes tensioned to maximum recommended tension for the rim, and well balanced as to equal tensions, ought to work. I'm riding on a variety of wheelsets like that here, on a number of different bikes, mostly on 700x25 0r 28 tires, sometimes on 27"x1 1/8 or 1 1/4. And I'm averaging in the 250-260# range, so not a good climber. My wheels seem to do OK, at least the ones I build myself.
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