On hard surfaces it makes very little, if any, difference.
You might notice some difference if riding on soft surfaces like dirt or sand, when accelerating or braking. On directional off-road knobby tires you can tell a bit of a difference, but not so it makes the bike unsafe or bad to ride.
Chevron patterns on car tires are to squeeze water out of the way to prevent hydroplaning. Bike tires have too high pressure and travel at too low a speed to suffer from hydroplaning so it will make little or no difference on a wet hard surface.