Rudge Ordinary
The hobby horse led to the boneshaker, which led to the Ordinary (a.k.a. penny-farthing). Daniel Rudge started building ordinaries around 1874. Innovations included hollow forks, handlebars, and backbone, as well as the use of adjustable ball bearings on the wheels. Rudge passed away in 1880, and George Woodcock bought the brand. Production increased to 8000 per year by 1885. Less expensive models were introduced in the 1880's, but by then, the safety bicycle was beginning to take the market.
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